Intrathecal opioids for chronic nonmalignant pain: a case study and the search for balance.

Report of the NIH Task Force on Research Standards for Chronic Low Back Pain Richard A. Deyo, MD, MPH, Samuel F. Dworkin, DDS, PhD, Dagmar Amtmann, PhD, Gunnar Andersson, MD, PhD, David Borenstein, MD, Eugene Carragee, MD, John Carrino, MD, MPH, Roger Chou, MD, Karon Cook, PhD, Anthony DeLitto, PT, PhD, Christine Goertz, DC, PhD, Partap Khalsa, DC, PhD, John Loeser, MD, Sean Mackey, MD, PhD, James Panagis, MD, MPH, James Rainville, MD, Tor Tosteson, ScD, Dennis Turk, PhD, Michael Von Korff, ScD, and Debra K. Weiner, MD